SQL is a specialized programming language used for managing and manipulating relational databases. SQL databases are based on the relational model, organizing data into tables consisting of rows and columns, with relationships defined between them.SQL allows users to define the structure of databases, create, modify, and delete tables, as well as insert, update, and delete data within those tables.Users can retrieve specific information from a database using SQL queries, which are statements written to select, filter, sort, and aggregate data based on specified criteria.SQL databases enforce data integrity through constraints such as primary keys, foreign keys, unique constraints, and check constraints, ensuring accuracy and consistency of data.